Tag Archives: Intertextuality

Rebuilding the World

Rebuilding the World

In 2019, LEGO® launched a new campaign – their first in decades, which was aptly named ‘Rebuild the World’. It resonates with LEGO enthusiasts, and is informative to those who are not familiar with LEGO® (do any exist?!). The almost 2-minute clip, however, is not what you would expect to see, but plays cleverly with many aspects for the LEGO system.

Credit: LEGO Rebuild the World by LEGO. YouTube video.
LEGO, the LEGO brick and LEGO minifigures are a trademark of the LEGO Group. ©2019 The LEGO Group.

No text can ever be unique. Bakhtin (as cited in, Allan, 2012) argues authors are influenced by their own biased social and cultural experiences and practices. Barthes (as cited in, Allen, 2011) further acknowledges the same is true of readers meaning an author’s message is always altered. Readers bring unique textual awareness to decoding, which prompts intertextual connotations unintended by the author. Although potentially unintentional, I made intertextual inferences between the advert and The LEGO Movie because of my knowledge:

The LEGO Movie (2014) uses animation for storytelling until the climax of the film, where it switches to live action. Audiences discover the animated action is the result of the child’s imaginative play. The advert begins with live action (and CGI), until the climax, where the characters and townscape morph into actual LEGO. Again, the action is the result of a child’s imaginative play with the LEGO bricks.

As a reader, my inferred intertextual knowledge devised an implied intertextuality based on style similarities, achieved through imitation and adaptation, or reinterpreting the movie – Hutcheon, 2012. Did you spot the similarities previously? Or only now you have been influenced by this text, affording you your own intertextual relationship play between this blog, the advert and movie?

A deliberate attempt to associate the advert with real-world LEGO was made through direct reference to the characters’ actions, and LEGO minifigure characteristics. For example, people bend at the waist, have rapidly changing hairstyles, fully rotating heads, and costumes with printed details. Piece elements, like oversized cups also appear, along with whole LEGO sets.

Similar to ‘Easter Eggs’ in digital games, these obvious, and not so obvious, elements are appreciated by those with suitable intertextual knowledge. The viewing of those who are unfamiliar, however, is not negatively impacted.

Given the campaign’s theme, you would expect live action scenes to be representational of  ‘rebuilt’ LEGO creations, featuring new creations or adaptations, but instead see many pre-existing sets included. It could be argued that their inclusion is counterintuitive to the campaign. So why include them, if not to deliberately allude to the rich and diverse history of LEGO products?

Either way, the sets and elements are there, and it is great fun trying to spot them! So, here, in no order, is a list of sets I have managed to spot so far:

  • Volkswagen Camper Van
  • Big Ben
  • Detective’s Office
  • Pink Car (from Diner) Note: the licence plate is actually for set 60138!
  • Harley Davidson
  • City Fire Brigade
  • City Police Force
  • Fabuland Characters
  • Lighthouse
  • Build-A-Duck
  • Mini Cooper (different colour)
  • Volkswagen Beetle (different colour)

I am sure there are still ones I have missed. Did you manage to spot all the ones I did? What else did you find?

Wait, what? You think a kid’s toy is popular culture?

boy playing with car

Credit: Boy playing [id: 286232] by White77. Image edited by MissE. Pixabay License.

Yes. And no. Depending. Most are commodities, merchandise crossovers for other popular movie/television franchises. They sell because of association, not because they are iconic. Generally toys do not influence culture; they are influenced by culture and the prevailing social norms. Some toys become iconic – Barbie, GI Joe, Rubrik’s Cube – but none more so than LEGO®.

Credit: The LEGO Story – How it all started by LEGO. YouTube video.
LEGO is a trademark of the LEGO Group. ©2012 The LEGO Group.

The LEGO Group came from humble beginnings, originally producing wooden toys, before diversifying into the famous plastic bricks. The family business philosophy was to only deliver the highest quality products, something that still remains today. Current quality measures mean roughly only 18 pieces in every million are discarded because of defects, making damaged pieces extremely rare. And because the production molds are accurate to within 0.002mm, LEGO bricks manufactured in 1958 still fit perfectly with those made last week!

From those humble beginnings to mass popular culture presence

timeline

Credit: Company highlights timeline. Created by MissE. 2020. Based on information from The LEGO Group.

The LEGO Group have always striven to diversify, and despite growing popularity with tie-in products in the 80s and 90s (Wolf, 2015), they focused on generic socially reflective in-house themes (e.g. Town, Space). In 1999, however, after a period of financial uncertainty, The LEGO Group partnered with Star Wars™ to create the first licensed sets. Now sets had the capability of facilitating adaptations through play, extending imaginative play (free play vs set-restrictive structured play is an argument for another day), and allowing the development of transmedia narratives between the original licensed texts and children’s play worlds.

LEGO®, meanwhile, harnessed multi-modality to deliver transmedia narratives across multiple channels to create unique storytelling-play experiences about their own fictional worlds. Television series based on LEGO® Friends and LEGO® NINJAGO® help flesh out the play universe and character development. The LEGO Movie (2014) and The LEGO® NINJAGO® Movie (2017) served as new pathways into the LEGO® and NINJAGO® worlds, for children and adults, and inspired entire new movie-based playsets. Meanwhile, the international hit reality television series LEGO Masters added an element of reality to the LEGO universe.

Crossman (2019) suggests that popular culture is dependent on cultural products like “music, art, literature, fashion, dance, film, cyberculture, television and radio”. LEGO® has influenced them all.

  • Literature: Booktopia shows 700+ titles available for purchase; fiction extending the play universes, non-fiction extending building skills.
  • Fashion: LEGO® partnered with adidas to create the ZX 8000 trainer, and Levi’s to create an exclusive clothing range.
  • 2021: Children do LEGO building; adults do IKEA building. Put them together and what do you get? The BYGGLEK, a unique play-and-store system featuring LEGO bricks.
  • Art: LEGO is an art movement, further blurring the lines of commercialism and user authenticity with ‘high culture’ artwork exhibitions. The Art of the Brick uses LEGO bricks as medium, whilst fans are creating mosaic pictures. The LEGO Group recently announced its own brick-art range, LEGO® Art.
  • Architecture: Yup! Martin Heuwold (with permission from The LEGO Group and town council) painted the Lego-Brücke (Lego-Bridge) in Wuppertal, Germany to resemble giant LEGO bricks!
lego bridge

Credit: Lego-Brücke in Wuppertal, Germany, by Atamari, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

What makes LEGO so popular and transcending?

Its simplicity and possibility.

Six 2×4 bricks can be joined in 915,103,765 different ways – creation is limitless. Quality and precision engineering ensure versatility. They are almost indestructible – just ask anyone who’s stepped on it, barefoot, at 3am. And, it delivers what it promises – an easy-to-use building system. It fosters creative thinking, spatial awareness, and engineering experiences, all whilst acting as a form of relaxation for all ages (although challenging builds are known to increase frustration).

It is a medium that can be utilised anywhere, for any purpose, by anyone.

It embraces a post-modern view of popular culture by blurring the lines between the ‘authentic’ (built by the people) and ‘commercial’ (manufactured for the people). LEGO, as popular culture, affords us the opportunity to embrace the content through play, alter it through adaptation or alternative methodologies, or reject or reimagine it through MOCs (my own creations) and imaginative play (Storey, 2018).

Whether you determine popular culture as dependent on the popularity of the masses, or post-modern blurriness, either way, this kids toy, this little plastic brick, is popular culture.